Practical DMD Course 06: Corticosteroid Therapy in DMD

Corticosteroids remain one of the fundamental therapeutic pillars in the management of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Over recent decades, clinical evidence has demonstrated their ability to modify the natural history of the disease by delaying the loss of ambulation and helping to preserve respiratory and cardiac function. However, their use presents important challenges related to the monitoring of adverse effects, treatment individualisation, and the integration of emerging therapeutic options. This course reviews the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the use of glucocorticoids in DMD, with a focus on the role of chronic inflammation, muscle degeneration, and the progressive loss of regenerative capacity. It also examines the main treatment regimens currently recommended, together with comprehensive monitoring strategies aimed at optimising the benefit–risk balance. The course provides a practical and up-to-date overview of the clinical management of corticosteroid therapy in patients with DMD, integrating the available scientific evidence with recommendations applicable to routine clinical practice.